DPFNet: A Dual-branch Dilated Network with Phase-aware Fourier Convolution for Low-light Image Enhancement

Low-light image enhancement is a classical computer vision problem aiming to recover normal-exposure images from low-light images. However, convolutional neural networks commonly used in this field are good at sampling low-frequency local structural features in the spatial domain, which leads to unclear texture details of the reconstructed images. To alleviate this problem, we propose a novel module using the Fourier coefficients, which can recover high-quality texture details under the constraint of semantics in the frequency phase and supplement the spatial domain. In addition, we design a simple and efficient module for the image spatial domain using dilated convolutions with different receptive fields to alleviate the loss of detail caused by frequent downsampling. We integrate the above parts into an end-to-end dual branch network and design a novel loss committee and an adaptive fusion module to guide the network to flexibly combine spatial and frequency domain features to generate more pleasing visual effects. Finally, we evaluate the proposed network on public benchmarks. Extensive experimental results show that our method outperforms many existing state-of-the-art ones, showing outstanding performance and potential

Oxygen Vacancy Engineering of Fe-Doped NiMoO₄ for Electrocatalytic N₂ Fixation to NH₃

Electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is a promising method for ammonia synthesis under ambient conditions. However, the NRR performance is limited to an extremely strong NN bond in N2 and the competing hydrogen evolution reaction. Introducing oxygen vacancies (OVs) has been considered as a forceful means to accelerate the sluggish NRR reaction kinetics. Herein, we reported the design of Fe-doped NiMoO4 catalysts for NRR. Fe doping can increase the amount of OVs in the catalyst and contribute to lattice strain enhancement, thereby leading to the improvement of the electron transport rate and catalytic active for NRR. In 0.1 M Na2SO4 solution, the 5% Fe-NiMoO4 catalyst achieves a NH3 yield rate of 15.36 μg h–1 mgcat.–1 and a Faradaic efficiency of 26.85% under −0.5 V versus RHE. Furthermore, the 5% Fe-NiMoO4 catalyst exhibits excellent stability (up to 13 h) during the reaction

Male-Specific Association between Dopamine Receptor D4 Gene Methylation and Schizophrenia

<div><p>Objective</p><p>The goal of our study was to investigate whether <i>DRD4</i> gene DNA methylation played an important role in the susceptibility of Han Chinese SCZ.</p><p>Methods</p><p>Using the bisulphite pyrosequencing technology, DNA methylation levels of 6 CpG dinucleotides in <i>DRD4</i> CpG island were measured among 30 paranoid SCZ patients, 30 undifferentiated SCZ patients, and 30 age- and gender-matched healthy controls.</p><p>Results</p><p>Strong correlation was observed among the six CpG sites (r>0.5, P<0.01), thus average methylation levels were applied thereafter. Our results indicated that there was a significant association between <i>DRD4</i> methylation and the risk of SCZ (P = 0.003), although there was no significant difference in <i>DRD4</i> methylation between the two SCZ subtypes (P = 0.670). A breakdown analysis by gender showed that the significant association of <i>DRD4</i> methylation and SCZ was driven by males (P<0.001) but not by females (P = 0.835). <i>DRD4</i> methylation was significantly associated with p300 in male SCZ patients (r = −0.543, P = 0.005) but not in female SCZ patients (r = 0.110, P = 0.599). Moreover, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed <i>DRD4</i> methylation was able to predict the status of SCZ in males [area under curve (AUC) = 0.832, P = 0.002] but not in females (AUC = 0.483, P = 0.876). Finally, a further expression experiment showed that <i>DRD4</i> methylation in the gene body was positively associated with gene expression, although the exact mechanism of gene regulation remained unknown for this interesting <i>DRD4</i> methylation.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>The gender disparity in the <i>DRD4</i> DNA methylation provides novel insights into the pathogenesis of SCZ.</p></div

Male specific prediction of SCZ using <i>DRD4</i> methylation as a diagnostic marker.

<p>Male specific prediction of SCZ using <i>DRD4</i> methylation as a diagnostic marker.</p

Male specific association of <i>DRD4</i> methylation with the susceptibility of SCZ.

<p>Male specific association of <i>DRD4</i> methylation with the susceptibility of SCZ.</p

Significant methylation correlation of 6 CpG sites on <i>DRD4</i> CpG islands^a.

<p>a: The hg19 version from UCSC genome browser was used for the genomic positions.</p

Male specific correlation between <i>DRD4</i> methylation and p300 in SCZ patients.

<p>Male specific correlation between <i>DRD4</i> methylation and p300 in SCZ patients.</p

<i>DRD4</i> methylation levels in male SCZ patients between before and after risperidone therapy.

<p><i>DRD4</i> methylation levels in male SCZ patients between before and after risperidone therapy.</p